Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health has officially announced a major policy reversal on cannabis, limiting its use exclusively to medical purposes. The directive, signed by Health Minister Somsak Thepsutin on 24 June 2025, marks a significant shift after cannabis was broadly decriminalised in 2022.
Under the new regulations, cannabis will be reclassified as a controlled substance, and anyone wishing to purchase it must present a valid doctor’s prescription along with medical documentation. While the exact enforcement date has yet to be announced, authorities have indicated a transitional period for businesses to comply.
Background and Government Rationale
The Ministry explained that this policy aims to curb widespread cannabis misuse, which surged after the 2022 partial decriminalisation. Although cannabis was initially permitted as a “traditional herbal remedy,” the lack of strict medical regulations led to a boom in cannabis shops nationwide, raising social concerns.
Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra reportedly instructed the health minister to review the policy. Following discussions with the Prime Minister’s advisory team, a consensus was reached in mid-May to tighten controls. Public hearings held from late May to early June showed strong community support for the change.
New Business Requirements and Enforcement
Under the tightened framework, cannabis retailers will be required to employ qualified medical personnel and submit to monthly inspections. Repeat violations may lead to revocation of business licenses. The Ministry has completed the necessary legislative steps, including public consultation and ministerial approval.
The ruling Bhumjaithai Party’s cannabis regulation bill is unlikely to pass during the current government’s term, with Minister Somsak dismissing it as unrealistic. He emphasised that this policy change is not politically motivated but intended to address the regulatory chaos following incomplete implementation of 2021 drug laws.
Political and Industry Reactions
The Bhumjaithai Party’s Supachai Jaisamut criticised the Ministry’s handling, attributing cannabis proliferation to governmental negligence. The party has long advocated restricting cannabis use to medical contexts and supported the earlier decriminalisation bill, which contributed to the current situation.